Grants Archive - Page 181 of 187 - Kenneth Rainin Foundation

Inflammation is an integral part of immune defense against pathogens or tissue damage. However, inappropriate or prolonged inflammation has deleterious consequences and underlies many chronic diseases, especially inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) like Crohn’s disease and colitis. Specialized immune sensors that reside inside the cell cytosol are of particular interest in IBD, because mutations in the […]

Intestinal scarring and thickening, also called fibrosis, afflicts >30% of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) patients, yet there is no cure and few treatment options. The fundamental processes underlying IBD-fibrosis are unknown, partly due to the absence of relevant animal models. This lack of basic understanding has prevented therapeutic development. Accordingly, our lab has developed a […]

The microbes that colonize the human intestine, collectively known as the gut microbiome, are critical players in many human diseases including IBD. Patients with IBD often have fewer different types of intestinal bacteria and an increase in certain types of bacteria associated with inflammation. In addition to bacteria, there are many viruses that live in […]

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are highly susceptible to gastro-intestinal bacterial pathogens because of aberrant immune responses and therefore rely on frequent antibiotic courses throughout their illness. As a result, IBD prognosis often declines over time due to an increase in recalcitrant organisms that are antibiotic resistant and/or have increased virulence traits. These genetically-encoded […]

Post-transcriptional modifications of mRNA have emerged as a central mechanism to control genetic information flow. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotic mRNAs. It is known that m6A methylation directs mRNAs to distinct fates for differential processing, translation and decay in various biological processes; however, the role of m6A methylation in intestinal […]

Fecal Microbial Transplant as a therapeutic modality for ulcerative colitis is effective in approximately 40% of patients. Trials of FMT offer the opportunity to identify the specific microbial functions and strains that promote disease remission and to develop more refined, high potency interventions comprised of groups of microbial strains that increase treatment efficacy. Microbes naturally […]

Individuals with mutations in the receptor for IL-10 suffer from very early onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease. These patients are typically unresponsive to conventional therapies and have a poor long-term prognosis. The only available curative therapy is bone marrow transplantation from a suitable donor, which carries significant risks and often is not available. We propose to […]

The intestinal microbiota is the collective term used to described the microbial community living in our intestine and playing important roles. However, the intestinal microbiota is also playing a central role in the development of many chronic inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We previously reported, in mice, that the consumption of dietary emulsifiers, […]